Saturday, July 17, 2010

J.P. Quaine - A Blood and Thunder Merchant



I've mentioned the Melbourne bookseller, John Patrick Quaine (1883-1957) a few times on this blog. He was a well-known identity in Melbourne and a keen collector of Penny Bloods and Dreadfuls. Following is a short article about him, published in November 1945, that appeared in Bohemia: the All-Australian Literary Magazine, a rather grand title for the official organ of the Melbourne Bread and Cheese Club, of which Quaine was a member for many years.
A Blood and Thunder Merchant
During the month the Worthy Scribe spent a bloodcurdling hour or two interviewing the Sanguinary-minded Fellow J. P. Quaine, the Bookaneer, and discovered it is just on 30 years since this gory Fellow burst into being as a bookseller like a bolt from the blue. Previous to that period his predatory performances had been confined to part-time prowling round secondhand bookshops, vainly seeking what the bookseller had already hunted for and failed to find ‑ a five pound book for four pence! He has since watched with a leaden eye similar optimists delving midst his own piles of dusty impedimenta. Though better known in recent years as a collector of "skulps," "Shilling Shockers" and "Penny Bloods," his collection of British First Editions was noteworthy. He specialised in this type of publication. His avaricious spirit often caused him to keep for himself the more desirable items; so he was never quite sure if he could be called a collector or salesman!

However, the probe of impecuniosity compelled him to part from many of these cherished volumes. Since 1917 he has been a thorn in editorial cushions. Whenever his constitutional laziness could be overcome, he contributed special articles to the magazine supplements of the Melbourne papers, as well as inflicting his outpourings on interstate and even oversea editors! Being a dyed-in-the-wool Dickensian, he (by request) gave lectures and papers under the Auspices of the Melbourne Fellowship. As an additional example of the enormities he was capable of he compiled, in 1942, 30 talks, entitled "Tales of Terror Tactfully Retold" for the ABC. He has two testimonials upon which he preens himself. One is from Public Librarian Pitt thanking him for his assistance and exhibits during the Saturnalia attendant upon the Picwick Celebration in 1936, the other is from the late C. J. Dennis written in reply to a query in connection with "Herald" articles. It concludes thus: "I have your 'Duke and the Dustman's Daughter' here, which I am going to use. I shall be pleased to accept articles by you written in your inimitable style." Fellow Quaine says he would frame this note only he fears the green ink signatures might fade.

Quaine admits that during the last few years his notoriety has waned somewhat; a new generation is rising that knoweth not Joseph. He has done everything but make money, and expects to finish up selling matches round the pubs!

Monday, July 12, 2010

Edward Lloyd in Harper's Magazine


Here is an extract from an early article on ‘King of Bloods’ Edward Lloyd from Harper’s Magazine, vol. 64, 1882. The writer observes “Mr. Lloyd's story has never been quite exactly told,” and that still holds true. No mention is made of Lloyd’s early publishing ventures into Penny Bloods - not a respectable past for a successful newspaper tycoon. The approximately 200 Bloods that he published between 1836 and 1856 include such celebrated titles as James Malcolm Rymer’s Varney the Vampire and The String of Pearls and Thomas Peckett Prest’s Dickens’ imitations.
"After inquiring for Mr. Lloyd at the palatial offices of The Daily Chronicle, I was directed to 12 Salisbury Court, and there in an unpretentious little room I found Mr. Edward Lloyd, a hale, hearty, middle-aged, florid-complexioned, white-haired gentleman. He introduced me to his son, a stalwart young fellow, who was amused at the surprise I expressed at not finding the head of the firm a tottering old gentleman of the aspect usually thought characteristic of Father Time and the venerable Parr. Mr. Lloyd is old enough to have originated the cheap press, and young enough to be vigorously occupied in establishing the newest daily paper. Responding to a remark about the literary interest of the locality in which I found him, he said, "This house use was Richardson's printing-office; in this room he wrote Pamela, and here Oliver Goldsmith acted as his reader.” The old familiar story: you are treading on historic ground every foot you move in London, historic not in a mere antiquarian sense, nor in the narrow meaning of age being historic, but in the breadth of human interest and universal fame. There is not a court hereabouts but it is linked with the history of all that is great and glorious in English letters, from Shakspeare to Hood, from Fielding to Thackeray, from Caxton, the first printer, to his great successors, and from The English Mercurie to The Daily News. ''I can show you Richardson's lease of these very premises," said Mr. Lloyd presently, and turning over the deeds which convey to him a large extent of the local freeholds (now strangely connected by passages and subways from Salisbury Court to Whitefriars), he handed me the parchment. It was a lease dated 30th May, 1770, from Mrs. Jennings to Mr. Richardson, the printer-novelist's signature a bolder one than would seem characteristic of the gentle tediousness of Pamela. Mr. Lloyd's freeholds and leaseholds are a curious mixture of properties, extending into Whitefriars, under streets and over streets, and they are all devoted to the mechanical requirements of Lloyd's Newspaper and The Daily Chronicle. The very latest inventions in the generation and use of steam, the newest ideas of Hoe in the way of printing, are pressed into the service of these two papers. Colonel Hoe is Mr. Lloyd's ideal machinist; Mr. Lloyd is Colonel Hoe's ideal newspaper proprietor.

"Have you ever been to America?” I asked

"No; I had once made up my mind to go, and had fixed upon the ship," Mr. Lloyd answered ‑ "the Arctic, I think she was called. Douglas Jerrold was against my going, and persuaded me all he could not to venture upon it. 'But,' said he, 'if you must go, give this play into Jim Wallack's own hands.' He gave me the manuscript of The Rent Day, which had been produced at Drury Lane. The object of my going was to see Hoe, and arrange for two machines on certain revised terms, so that if one broke clown, I should have another to fall back upon. Just before the time for sailing I received a letter from Hoe telling me that I could have just all I wanted. In consequence of that letter, I did not go. The ship I was booked for went to the bottom."
Mr. Lloyd's story has never been quite exactly told. Briefly it is this. As early as 1829, when he was only fourteen, he was strongly imbued with Liberal opinions, and with the idea of starting a "free and independent newspaper" for their advocacy. There was a fourpenny stamp duty on each paper, and in due time Edward Lloyd labored hard with others in the direction of its reduction. He started a newspaper, and issued it without a government stamp; so likewise did other London printers; but after a short struggle they succumbed to legal proceedings for their suppression. In order to keep the question of unstamped papers before the public, Mr. Lloyd started a monthly unstamped journal, believing he could legally issue such a publication; but the Stamp‑office authorities stifled it with crushing promptitude, though it turned out afterward that he was within the law, Mr. Charles Dickens having, at a later date, issued a monthly paper on similar lines. In September, 1842, Mr. Lloyd published Lloyd's Penny Illustrated Newspaper, consisting chiefly of reviews of books, notices of theatres, and literary selections, thus keeping, as he thought, just outside the pale of what the law designated a newspaper. Within three months the Stamp‑office discovered what they regarded as a few lines of news in the literature of the journal, and they gave the proprietor notice that he must either stamp his paper or stop it. He chose the former course, and continued the paper at twopence until January, 1843, when he enlarged it to eight pages of five columns each (about the size of an eight-page Echo), called it Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper, and charged two-pence‑halfpenny for it. During the same year he again increased its size, and sold it at threepence. At this time the general price of newspapers was sixpence, and they carried a penny stamp duty. Mr. Lloyd's innovation met with the determined opposition of the news agents. They one and all refused to sell the paper unless the owner allowed them the same profit per sheet which they obtained on the sixpenny journals. An offer of thirty per cent. was scoffed at, and the trade entered into a conspiracy to put down the three-penny weekly. The sale was considerably retarded by this opposition, but Lloyd pushed it by advertisement and otherwise, and the excellence and cheapness of the newspaper were attractions the trade could not annihilate. One of Lloyd's methods of making it known was ingenious, not to say daring. He had a stamping machine constructed for embossing pennies with the name and price of his journal, and the fact that it could be obtained "post free." The announcement was made in a neat circle round the coin on both sides. The machine turned out two hundred and fifty an hour, and Lloyd used up all the pennies he could lay his hands on. The Times drew attention to the defacement of his Majesty's coinage, and thus gave the paper a cheap and important advertisement. Parliament passed an act against the mutilation of the currency. The affair helped to make the threepenny paper known, and in spite of "the Trade," which continued to oppose it, holding meetings and combining against it in every way, it progressed in circulation and influence. From a sale of 33,000 in 1848, it rose year by year to 90,000 a week in 1853. Two years later than this, Lloyd had lived to see the most ardent desire of his life accomplished the passing of an act abolishing the stamp duty, and the establishment of a really free and unfettered press. From this period dates the enormous success of Lloyd's Newspaper. The question of production was tile next serious question. Mr. Lloyd put himself in communication with Messrs. Hoe and Co., of New York, which led to his introduction of their rotary printing-machine. The success of this new invention, exemplified in Lloyd's offices, elicited a general acknowledgment of its superiority over all others, and "the Hoe" was at once adopted, not only in the chief London offices, but by the leading newspaper proprietors of the country, and in Ireland and Scotland. Wherever there was a journal with a large circulation, there "the Hoe" became a necessity."

Tuesday, July 6, 2010

Tolkien Studies Volume 7 (2010) goes to the printer!

Volume 7 of Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review finally goes to the printer today, and I can release the table of contents. This is the largest volume ever, and I regret to say that some material planned for this volume didn't make it in.  A long book review got bumped to the next volume, and the Cumulative Index to volumes one through five will be available, for the time being, only through Project Muse, once volume 7 goes live (soon).  Subscribers to the hardcover volumes of Tolkien Studies should receive their copies sometime in August.

Tolkien Studies volume 7 (2010)

CONTENTS

v   Editors’ Introduction

vii   Conventions and Abbreviations

1 "The Books of Lost Tales: Tolkien as Metafictionist" VLADIMIR BRLJAK

35 "Faërian Cyberdrama: When Fantasy becomes Virtual Reality" PÉTER KRISTÓF MAKAI

55 "Coleridge’s Definition of Imagination and Tolkien’s Definition(s) of Faery" MICHAEL MILBURN

67 " 'Strange and free' —On Some Aspects of the Nature of Elves and Men" THOMAS FORNET-PONSE

91 "Refining the Gold: Tolkien, The Battle of Maldon, and the Northern Theory of Courage" MARY R.  BOWMAN

117 "Fantasy, Escape, Recovery, and Consolation in Sir Orfeo: The Medieval Foundations of Tolkienian Fantasy" THOMAS HONEGGER

137 "Elladan and Elrohir: The Dioscuri in The Lord of the Rings" SHERRYLYN BRANCHAW

147 "Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings and His Concept of Native Language: Sindarin and British-Welsh" YOKO HEMMI

175 “ 'Monsterized Saracens,' Tolkien’s Haradrim, and Other Medieval 'Fantasy Products'  MARGARET SINEX

197 "Myth, Milky Way, and the Mysteries of Tolkien’s Morwinyon, Telumendil, and Anarríma" KRISTINE LARSEN

Notes and Documents

211 “ 'The Story of Kullervo' and Essays on Kalevala"  J.R.R. TOLKIEN  Transcribed and edited by Verlyn Flieger

279 "J.R.R. Tolkien and the Boy Who Didn’t Believe in Fairies"  JOHN GARTH


291 "Book Reviews" COMPILED BY DOUGLAS A. ANDERSON:  containing a review/essay by Tom Shippey on JRRT"s The Lay of Sigurd and Gudrun;  John Garth on JRRT's Tengwesta Qenderinwa and Pre-Fëanorian Alphabets Part 2 [Parma Eldalamberon XVIII];  John D. Rateliff on The Hobbitonian Anthology of Articles on J.R.R. Tolkien and His Legendarium by Mark T. Hooker; Arden R. Smith on Languages, Myths and History: An Introduction to the Linguistic and Literary Background of J.R.R. Tolkien’s Fiction by Elizabeth Solopova; John D. Rateliff on Tolkien’s View: Windows into His World, by J. S. Ryan; and "Book Notes" by Douglas A. Anderson

347 "The Year’s Work in Tolkien Studies 2007"  DAVID BRATMAN

379 "Bibliography (in English) for 2008" COMPILED BY REBECCA EPSTEIN, MICHAEL D.C. DROUT, AND DAVID BRATMAN

399  "Notes on Contributors"

Comments Moderation and Auto-Spam

I recently turned on the Comments Moderation for Wormwoodiana, owing to the amount of auto-spam that started showing up in the comments (and I deleted them).  I will, of course, clear for posting any real comments, and they are welcome.  But meanwhile, I note that the spammers are attempting to be craftier.  Here's a comment from today that I rejected:

"I have been reading and looking for Karl Hanns Strobl, a dark prince of German horror and is amazing and disturbing how many blogs related to viagra online [link removed] are in the web. But anyways, thanks for sharing your inputs, they are really interesting. Have a nice day."

Sigh.

Wednesday, June 16, 2010

R.I.P. E. F. Bleiler

A true titan in the field of supernatural literature has passed away.  Everett Franklin Bleiler, born 30 April 1920, died Sunday evening, 13 June 2010, at the age of 90. He leaves a legacy of superlative work that ranges from The Checklist of Fantastic Literature (1948, revised 1978 as The Checklist of Science-Fiction and Supernatural Fiction) on to such indispensible works as The Guide to Supernatural Fiction (1983), Science-Fiction:  The Early Years (1990) and Science-Fiction:  The Gernsback Years (1998), not to mention the large number of books he edited and introduced for Dover in the 1960s and 1970s. I use his works on a near-daily basis. 

Tuesday, May 11, 2010

A New Journal: Fastitocalon

I understand the first issue of the new academic journal Fastitocalon is just out (though I haven't got my contributor copy yet).  Articles are in English, though it's published in Germany, and edited by Thomas Honegger (Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena) and Fanfan Chen (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan).  I have a column in it, "Notes on Neglected Fantasists."  Those authors covered in my first installment include: Elinore Blaisdel (1902-1994), George Blink (1796-1874), Oscar Cook (1888-1952),Alan Miller (fl. 1920s-1940s), Francis C. Prevot (1887-1967), and Ernst Raupach (1784-1852). Herein it is revealed for the first time in English that the famous vampire story "Wake Not the Dead!", which is often attributed to Ludwig Tieck and considered an important pre-Polidori vampire story, is in fact by someone else, and its first publication occurred in its original German three years after Polidori's 1819 watershed tale "The Vampyre".  Tolkienists will be pleased to note the contribution to this issue by Amy Amendt-Raduege, "Better Off Dead:  The Lesson of the Ringwraiths".  A table of contents, and various information about the journal, can be found at the publisher's website.

Sunday, May 2, 2010

The Ghost That I Like Best: Famous Authors on Their Favourite Spooks Pt. 1

In the December 8, 1923 issue of T.P.’s & Cassell’s Weekly, there appeared a symposium of responses to a question along the lines of “What is your favourite ghost?”. Here are some of the responses.  More will appear in a future posting.   

Thomas Burke

Yes, but what sort of ghost? The author’s “ghost”? Ghosts in literature? Ghosts I have met?  I have never yet met a ghost, and don’t want to. With Charles Lamb, I don’t believe in ghosts, but I am afraid of them. Of ghosts in literature I prefer those with plenty of clanking chains and grisly robes, ghosts that do squeak and gibber round the ivied walls at midnight. Marley’s ghost and the ghost of Hamlet’s father are most unsatisfactory; they are ghosts with moral purposes. Ghosts in fiction should have no purpose beyond that of hair-raising; and in this matter the best ghost I know is the ghost in G.W.M. Reynolds’s “Bronze Statue,” because I was twelve years old when I read it, and it was the first and only ghost that raised my hair.
 
Vere Hutchinson

You are quite right to think I have a favourite ghost.  I frankly confess the more ghostly the story or legend the happier I am! I think there has never been anything so terrible or realistic as Kipling’s “The End of the Passage.”  I do not remember anything with such horror in it.  To me it is the one great classic of the uncanny. Then there is that mad, jolly yarn of Richard Middleton’s, “The Ghost Ship,” the most crazy, most enchanting fantasy; to be read on a dark night with a wild wind and driving rain. It is absurd, if you like, with its village of nice, properly conducted ghosts, but it seems to me to have a magic of its own, and after you’ve read it, if the real ghostly spirit is upon you, then open your window and you can see “The Ghost Ship” sailing through the air, with her flare of lights and her noise of singing, her great masts raking the stars—I swear you can!
 

Edward Shanks

My favourite ghost is chosen by pure favouritism,  It is not much of a ghost, but it is my own, or, at least, I have a good long lease of it, which is nearly as good.

The house in which I live consists of two old cottages thrown into one. The little room which I use as a study was once, so far as I can judge, the kitchen and sole living-room of the smaller cottage. One day, some fifty years ago, the labourer who lived here, oppressed, I dare say, by the too close presence of his wife and children, hanged himself from a beam in this room. So says village tradition: and there is to this day a large, firm nail in the beam, from which a man might very well hang himself. He might, that is to say, if he were a dwarf or without legs; any other sort of man would find it difficult. And, for reasons which will appear, he cannot have been legless.

This tradition, once heard, vanished from my mind. But after some time it happened that I was working alone past midnight, all the others in the house being long asleep. Not quite alone, for my cat was there—a detestable cat, kept only for mousing, not at all an author’s favourite cat who shares his study and his labours with him. Something, I do not know what, made me look round.

There, directly beneath the suddenly sinister-looking nail, was the cat, walking up and down with all the motions and the pleased expression of a cat which is rubbing itself against someone’s legs. Up and down she went for several minutes, purring softly, while I sat looking over my shoulder, unable to move. Then I went to bed and left her there, and left all the lamps burning and all the doors open behind me.

And yet, strangely, in the morning the pride of possession threw out the horror of the night. It was my ghost, my very own; not a freehold ghost, to be sure, but even a leasehold ghost is more than most people have. He is my favourite ghost, now almost an “affable familiar ghost,” and I look at all others as a man who loves his own mongrel fox terrier looks at the champions assembled at Cruft’s.

 
W. B. Maxwell

My favourite ghost is that of Lord Strafford in the novel “John Inglesant.” “All to nothing,” he seems to me the most appropriate and majestic apparition that has ever been imagined.

As many of your readers will remember, it is two nights after Strafford’s execution (the consummation of King Charles’s betrayal of a loyal servant), and Inglesant, on duty at the palace of Whitehall, sees the dead man pass through the outer rooms and enter the King’s bedchamber,  “He was falling asleep when he was startled by the ringing sound of arms and the challenge of the yeoman of the guard on the landing outside the door. The next instant a voice, calm and haughty, which sent a tremor through every nerve, gave back the word ‘Christ.’ Inglesant started up and grasped the back of his chair in terror. Gracious heaven! Who was this that knew the word? In another moment the hangings across the door were drawn sharply back, and with a quick step, as one who went straight to where he was expected and had a right to be, the intruder entered the antechamber. . . .”

If anything could make me believe in ghosts, it would be Shorthouse’s conception and handling of this dread visit.

 
Algernon Blackwood

My favourite ghost story is what I believe to be also the shortest:

“Do you believe in ghosts?” said Jones.
“No,” said Smith.
“I do,” said Jones—and vanished.

Its authorship I do not know. It may be a chestnut too. Next to this, I place “Turn of the Screw,” by Henry James, for its majestic horror; and “The Monkey’s Paw,” by W.W. Jacobs, for it cumulative horror and its inevitableness.


W. L. George

I am very fond of supernatural stories, and am sure that the best I have ever come across exhibits the intangible couple of ghosts, those of the governess and the valet who float about the lake and establish a connexion of nameless horror and vileness with the two children who occupy the centre of the story called “The Turn of the Screw,” by Henry James.


May Sinclair

If by my “Favourite Ghost” you mean the apparition that has most appealed to me in literature I should vote unhesitatingly for the ghost or ghosts in Henry James’s “Turn of the Screw.”

Saturday, April 24, 2010

Lucius Shepard The Taborin Scale

The Dragon Griaule, the vast immobile creature, sleeping or presumed dead, around whose bulk has grown cities, has been familiar to readers of Lucius Shepard since "The Man Who Painted the Dragon Griaule" first appeared in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in December 1984. Shepard has returned occasionally over the last twenty-five years to regale us with more stories of Griaule's influence on the lives of the people who live on his body, or in the cities nearby. The Taborin Scale, published in an elegant edition by Subterranean Press, is the latest entry in the growing series. This novella concerns the numismatist George Taborin, who by means of a scale from Griaule finds himself and a prostitute, Sylvia, transported to what appears to be an earlier time when Griaule was young. Griaule is herding people to no apparent purpose. Taborin rescues a young girl called Peony from abuse, and with Sylvia the three form an odd kind of family. Shepard excels at depicting unusual people in even more unusual circumstances, and his prose is as elegant and shimmering as ever, casting its own spell over the reader just as Griaule's presence works its influence over Shepard's characters. The Taborin Scale is yet another example of one of the best modern fantasists at the height of his powers.